Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a pruritic disease of unknown origin that usually starts in early infancy, though an adult-onset variant is recognized. That it is the first disease to present in a series of allergic diseases—including food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis, in order—has given rise to the “atopic march” theory, which suggests that AD is part of a progression that may lead to subsequent allergic disease at other epithelial barrier surfaces.

Children often get Atopic Dermatitis (AD) during their first year of life, characterized by dry and scaly patches on the skin. Mostly effected areas include scalp, forehead, cheeks and face. Irrespective of the location of the effected area, AD is often very itchy. Infants may rub their skin against bedding or carpeting to relieve the itch. In children of all ages, itch can be so intense, that a child cannot sleep properly. Scratching can lead to infection. Treatment and good skin care can alleviate much of the discomfort.